|
|
Page
first published on the web on August 11, 2010.
|
Concert Hall Society, Inc., New York, and Musical Masterpiece Society As early as 1950, Concert Hall Society, Inc., advertised in Schwann Long Playing Record Catalog, the new monthly publication for music lovers and record collectors. Initially these were half page advertisements but from December 1950 on these were full page ads on the first page of the catalog. The ads say that Concert Hall is located at 250 West 57th St, New York 19, NY. Concert Hall was the record company of two brothers, Samuel and David Josefowitz. David studied the violin.
In
the June 1952 issue of Schwann Long Playing Record Catalog, a full page
advertisement of the Handel Society appeared instead of the Concert Hall
ad. The Handel Society was located at the same address and was a sister
label of Concert Hall and was of course maintained by the brothers Samuel
and David Josefowitz. "Shellac" Recordings Concert
Hall existed already in the 78 RPM shellac era. First Editions The
78 RPM records are not too many as David and Sam Josefowitz had just started
their company (mail order business) and the listings in the Gramophone
Shop Encyclopedia of Recorded Music (1948) are of the first year
of the business. What is different is that the company will will turn
out only 2,000 copies of each album as it presses the records directly
from the master matrix, eliminating the "mother" and "stampers"
as was reported by Listings The
recordings are
not easily spotted in the Gramophone Shop Encyclopedia of Recorded Music,
1948 edition. |
|
|
There is also pianist Ray Lev who recorded Brahms's Sonata No. 1 and Chorale-Prelude no. 11, "O Welt ich muss dich lassen", on A7. From her hands are also Prokofiev's Children's Pieces (AC) and Schubert's Unfinished Sonata in C Major (from 1825) on 4x 12" discs (B3). Russian cellist and Casals pupil Raya Garbousova (Garbusova) had been a Victor artist but now she recorded for Concert Hall. She is the soloist in Samuel Barber's "Capricorn" Concerto with the Saldenberg Little Symphony (A4). She plays Debussy's Minuet and Cello Sonata(A10) and Grieg's A minor Sonata (AD), both accompanied by pianist Artur Balsam. Like so many recordings from the early years, also Garbousova's recording of Debussy's Cello Sonata was later reissued on the MMS label. Pianist Paul Loyonnet accompanies flutist René le Roy who blows Haydn's Sonata in G Major on 4x 12" discs with reference B8. Loyonnet also recorded Robert Schumann's Humoresque Op. 20, issued on 3x 12" discs, reference A1, and Couperin's Suite du Sixieme Ordre on B14. Symphony for Strings by American composer William Schuman is recorded by the Concert Hall Symphony Orchestra (whatever collection of musicians that may have been) conducted by Edgar Schenkman on 4x 12 inch discs, reference AL1. Schuman's String Quartet No. 3 is played by the Gordon String Quartet (led by violinist Jacques Gordon) on AB. 78 rpm Vinyl Records While
78 rpm records generally were pressed on black shellac, the disks on the
newly founded Concert Hall label were pressed on vinyl. Samuel
Josefowitz recalls in an interesting article, written by Michelle
Owens and published in
Know-How An asset in this respect was the knowledge of David Josefowitz. He had not only studied the violin in Berlin (Europe), but after he had come to live in the United States he studied chemistry and chemical engineering at the Massachusetts Insitute of Technology (MIT) and later at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute. |
|
||
| The Long Playing Record After
the introduction of the Long Playing record, Concert Hall switched to
the new medium and expanded the catalog with many recordings made in Europe
as so many American record companies did in those days. Vienna, Zürich,
Winterthur, and Hilversum became the recording venues where various orchestras
and groups of musicians were hired: Vienna State Opera Orchestra, Zürich
Tonhalle Orchestra, Winterthur Symphony Orchestra, Utrecht Symphony and
Netherlands Philharmonic Orchestra, and on occasion Haarlem Symphony Orchestra
(Haarlemse Orkest Vereniging). The fact that these records are being listed
in the editions of Schwann Long Playing Record Catalog suggests that they
were available in shops and therefor they were reviewed in High Fidelity
Magazine. |
|
||
|
Editions of The Gramophone Long Paying Classical Record Catalogue show
that - as early as 1952 - Concert Hall Society issues were released in
England on the Nixa label by the company that also dealt with Vanguard
recordings. The prefix for 12 inch records was CLP, a prefix later used
by HMV. Nixa stopped pressing Concert Hall records in the second half
of the 1950s, probably around 1956. From then on Concert Hall was registered
as a label. The Concert Hall editions differed in style from the US issues.
At right the label of a relatively late issue, reference CM-LE-16, with
works by Ernest Bloch (Four Episodes for Chamber Orchestra), Schönberg
(Begleitmusik), Berg (Seven Early Songs and Four Pieces for Clarinet and
Piano) performed by conductors Thomas Scherman,
Charles Adler, Walter
Goehr, soprano Kathryn Harvey, clarinetist
Herbert Tichman, and pianist Ruth Budnevich.
Seven Early Songs and Four Pieces had earlier been issued in the US on
Release C-12.
|
![]() |
||
| Concert Hall in The Netherlands The recordings were also licensed to one or two record companies abroad. Many a Concert Hall recording appeared in France on the Classic label and the available records were listed in the French catalog "Disques de longue durée" published in the fall of 1955. Ready pressed records were exported to small foreign markets like the Netherlands. On the ochre Dutch cover of CHS 10 with pianist Noel Mewton-Wood playing Beethoven's Piano Concerto No. 4 together with Walter Goehr conducting the Utrecht Symphony Orchestra, the following New York address is printed, 250 West 57th St. This means that this Dutch issue is from before 1953, before Concert Hall moved to 507 W 56th St. Name and address of the importer for the Netherlands is printed underneath the Concert Hall address in the US. The importer was M. Stibbe & Co., Amstel 222, Amsterdam-C, Telephone K 20-41260. Note for Dutch readers: K meant "kengetal" = numerical code. So K 20 was Amsterdam (which is 020 today).
Enter Musical Masterpiece Society In
1951 and 1952 when David and Sam Josefowitz launched their Handel Society
and Chamber Music Society labels, they had the brilliant idea to start
the MMS subscription label in the US. Potential clients were lured into
buying a sampler disc at an affordable introductory price, or were offered
a selection of records at $ 1.00 a piece or even just one dollar. In the
early advertisements the series is named Musical Masterwork Society. Like
Don Gabor with his Masterworks label, obviously also the Josefowitz brothers
were told by Columbia that the word "Masterwork" could not be
used in the name as "Masterworks" had been in use by Columbia
since the nineteen thirties. Gabor changed Masterworks into Masterseal.
The Josefowitz brothers change Masterwork into Masterpiece and the undertaking
is then called Musical Masterpiece Society. |
|
||
|
Starting
a subscription series In 1952 was not so much a new idea. Record Clubs
and subscription series had existed all along and had been selling esoteric
|
|
||
|
MMS Goes Europe
An article in Billboard Magazine of March 26, 1955, says that "Concert
Hall with its Musical Masterpiece Society, Opera Society and Jazztone
is operating in virtually all European countries: Holland, France, Germany,
Italy. The biggest operation is in West Germany. There most of the records
are pressed".
Guilde Internationale The name Musical Masterpiece Society could easily be used in many countries, except in France, for the French are very culture conscious, and still are, even if they like speaking "franglais" today. If MMS would be translated into French, it would be called "La société musicale du chef-d'oeuvre" or something similar. That sounds rather haughty and is not very much inviting to join the club. However, the word "club" could not be used as in France there existed "Le club français du disque" and "Club national du disque" (CND). So a brilliant, yet somewhat similar label name was thought up and in France the MMS recordings were released on "Guilde internationale du disque", a name which had a nice flavor that suggested importance and quality. The license agreement with the Classic label was terminated. Yet the original Concert Hall recordings released on the Classic label were still listed in the French catalog "Disques de longue durée" issued in the fall of 1955. Nevertheless the establishment of the subscription series started already in 1954, according to Jean-Pierre Mathieu from Paris who grew up with the records bought by his parents and the gramophone offered by the "Guilde internationale du disque" which they acquired in 1958. The French subsidiary was opened in 1954. The records could also be bought directly in shops. Every important city had one or more Guilde du Disque shops. The most famous shop in Paris was at 222, rue de Rivoli, Paris 8ème. The success of La Guilde internationale du disque was immense and in 1967 it was decided to open a huge center in Evreux in Normandy. The Paris address was still operating in the early 1980s and in 1986 La Guilde merged with Edition Atlas, Mathieu told. Ten Inch Records
The MMS discs had the small ten inch format and they were extremely thin
if compared to the heavy 12 inch Concert Hall pressings. So the MMS discs
were cheaper to manufacture as less plastic was involved. For the covers
a standard lay out was designed. Only the names of the composers, the
titles, and the performers had to be printed on this 'generic' sleeve.
Thus another vast saving was made as no additional well chosen art work
had to be commissioned - as illustrated by the Concert Hall cover of CHS
1155 with El Cid (Massenet) and Tzar Sultan Suite (Rimsky-Korsakov) conducted
by Henk Spruit and the Saint-Saëns program
on CHS 1178. Furthermore it was decided that no full color printing was
necessary as music lovers did not have to be persuaded through artistic
covers to buy this or that recording. The low price of the product and
the convenience of receiving the discs in the mail were the main incentives.
At right label and cover of MMS-30, the lightweight MMS release of the
original heavy Concert Hall Society disc of the Mendelssohn recordings
with Frank Pelleg. |
![]() ![]()
|
||
|
Strategies
Starting the Handel Society label in 1951 was probably inspired by the
existence of the Haydn Society from Boston. The Handel Society was not
a strict American affair in that respect that only a few recordings were
made with conductors Robert Hull and Maurice
Abravanel as the advertisement at the beginning of this web page
tells. Judas Maccabaeus with Maurice Abravanel conducting the Utah University
Chorus and Orchestra was issued on Handel HDL-12. This recording was released
in France on the Classic label and in 1955 in the Netherlands on Concert
Hall HDL 12. Alexander's Feast was recorded with Prof. Robert Hull conducting
the Cornell University Chorus and the 'Handel Society Orchestra'. This
issue was also released in France on the Classic label. Harpsichordist
Frank Pelleg performed the Handel concertos
for harpsichord on the label. Pelleg was accompanied by Walter Goehr conducting
the Orchestra of Radio Zürich. Forgotten Recordings and Unknown Artists Not
only all Handel Society recordings were deleted from Schwann, but also
a number of Concert Hall disks. At the same time new recordings were listed,
like CHS 1501 with pianist Philippe Entremont
and conductor Carl Bamberger performing Symphonic
Variations (César Franck) and Piano Concerto No. 2 (Sergei Rachmaninoff)
with the Netherlands Philharmonic Orchestra. This one and other new recordings
were also listed in the small catalog accompanying the 12" Sampler
from 1957. Such a sampler for the American market was quite a luxurious
item if compared to the light weight and flimsy Dutch sampler with music
of Bach, Vivaldi, Beethoven, Mozart, Chopin, and Berlioz. A thin 10 inch
disc was already much more than the usual 7 inch disc named "Klassiek
Kompas" with Szymon Goldberg conducting the Nethelands Chamber Orchestra
in Mozart's Eine Kleine Nachtmusik used by Philips for promotional purposes.
|
|
.
|
Reviews in Record Magazines
Early on a number of MMS disks was reviewed, at least in the Netherlands.
An example was Paul Tortelier's recording
of Dvorak's Cello Concerto on MMS 13. The reviewer complained about the
technical aspects of the recording (bad microphone placement and "hard"
sound), but in the end he praised Tortelier. When it was clear that the
records could only be obtained through membership of the club, the MMS
disks were no longer listed in record catalogs and magazines. One exception
is that they were listed in "Discopedie", but this was a publication
by a Dutch reviewer, not an official catalog issued on a regular basis. Selection Every month a list of records was sent to each and every member of the club from which he or she could chose the recordings he or she wanted to receive. Then the records were sent to the member's home and even then members were allowed to return some or all of the records offered. Only if over a longer period no records had been bought, MMS would cancel a membership. The small magazine featured also a few world music titles. Also jazz recordings were offered from time to time. In 1955 Concert Hall had bought the jazz catalog of Ross Russell's Dial label, one of the earliest American record labels in the LP era. See
also |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
The Opera Society
Opera Society was another label issuing the existing opera catalog and
adding new recordings. It is remarkable and amazing that so many standard
repertory operas were performed in front of the MMS microphones. Of course,
some performances - like the earlier Russian recordings - were remastered
from tapes made available by other record companies or were obtained from
radio broadcasting corporations. But most of the time they were performed
by the Netherlands Philharmonic Orchestra renamed for the occasion "The
Opera Society Orchestra". At right the 2x 10 inch LP gatefold (reference
M141-OP24, Guilde internationale du disque SMS 141) of Puccini's La Bohème
from 1955. Singers were Marilyn Tyler (soprano),
David Garen (tenor), Leonardo
Wolovsky (bass), Corry Bijster (soprano),
Paolo Gorin (baritone), Gerard
Holthaus (baritone), and Henk Angenent
(bass). Conductor was Carl Bamberger who also led the Nord Deutsche Symphony
Orchestra and Radio Chorus in Fidelio (Beethoven) with Gladys
Kuchta, Julius Patzak, Heinz
Rehfuss and Melita Muszely (MMS 2120).
|
![]() |
||||||||||||||||||||
![]() |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Sound Quality and Number of Pressings In early advertisements Concert Hall Society promised that "This recording was issued in a LIMITED EDITION of only 3,000 copies, of which this is number ...." No more than 3000 copies will be pressed of a specific record. They obviously mean that for every new batch of 3000 records a new plate will be used. The statement suggests that other manufacturers press more than 3000 records using the same plate. There are of course companies that did so. Remington Records is an example. But the technicians and production managers of companies that produce quality records of classical music and jazz know that in principle no more than 1500 or 2000 records at the most should be pressed using the same plate. Quality control is the only way to determine if a plate can be used for another few hundred records. The rule is if more records are pressed, the matrix will get dull and the records will sound adequately. It is possible to compensate for the loss of high frequencies and detail by applying equalization, by boosting the high frequency content and cut a disc with restricted dynamics resulting in a lean bass. In that way more music can be engraved per side and the high frequencies will be more prominent. Choosing a vinyl compound with a specific hardness can also give the suggestion of high fidelity when played on simple gramophones. The measures taken are audible in the final product. Most certainly in the records of Musical Masterpiece Society with its 450.000 members worldwide. Tone Control Already
in the early Concert Hall LP days, when the discs were listed in catalogs
and were reviewed in magazines, the music critics had much to say about
the quality of the recorded sound, the orchestras and the final product
spinning on their turntables. Sometimes the quality of the work of the
recording technician, the pressings and the quality of the playing of
musicians were confounded. But in general most knew well what they were
writing about and were not always pleased with the Concert Hall discs.
However in those days amplifiers had tone controls for bass and treble
which often had to be used generously. An example. When reviewing The
Orchestral Suites of Tchaikovsky, well directed by Walter Goehr, High
Fidelity Magazine's J.F. Indcox wrote: "Concert
Hall's sound is rather undernourished, lacking in resonance, and the
balance is not always ideal." Walter Goehr conducted Suites Nos.
1 (CHS 1121) and 2 (CHS 1122) with the Winterthur Symphony. There existed
already a Westminster recording of Suite No. 3, therefor the Winterthur
SO was renamed Concert Hall Symphony Orchestra for the Third Suite (CHS
1144). While the reviewer's description applied to the recordings of
the Suites, the same quality could be encountered on several other Concert
Hall discs with symphonic music and concertos. Chamber music recordings
often favor a better sound. In High Fidelity magazine of December 1957
Harold C. Schonberg wrote about Schumann's Piano Quintet on MMS 41:
"On a much cheaper 10 inch disc, Hannes Kann and the Pascal Quartet
offer a well recorded, spirited performance that is without eccentricity.
I would put this in a best-buy category." See also Exit MMS From
1956 on the Concert Hall label is no longer available in Europe.
|
Shown above is the Japanese Concert Hall Society release of Hungarian Rhapsodies (Franz Liszt) conducted by Hans Swarowsky.
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Binaural Stacked Reel To Reel Tapes From
September 1956 on High Fidelity Magazine started publishing reviews of
prerecorded reel to reel tapes. In that section Concert Hall tapes are
also mentioned and often get positive reviews in case the sound quality
is good and/or the performance is noteworthy. An example, in the issue
of July 1957, Symphony No. 2 of Brahms in the performance of the Frankfurt
Opera Orchestra conducted by Carl Bamberger, receives praise and is more
or less preferred over the RCA Charles Munch recording. The Frankfurt
Orchestra is less accurate, but Bamberger's performance is more individual,
provocative, and dramatic. The Concert Hall recording gives "a boldly
sculptured delineation" as the reviewer writes. Philippe Entremont's
recording of Piano Concerto No. 2 is another release on tape. It was recorded
before Entremont joint CBS (Columbia). There were other issues on tape.
A few will be added later.
This reel contains the binaural (stereophonic) Concert Hall edition of Piano Concerto No. 2 of Franz Liszt performed by Philippe Entremont and the Radio Zurich Orchestra conducted by Walter Goehr. The reference number is CHT/BN-6. Below the cover of the Synchro Stereo release of Bernard Greenhouse's performance of the Cello Concerto of Antonin Dvorak - Hans Swarowsky conducting - on SMS-2322. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
![]() ![]() |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
. The later Varieton edition of the same recording with the same reference number entitled KREISLER'S OLD VIENNA |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||
|
Instrumentalists,
Singers, Ensembles,
The Pascal String Quartet.
"The
biggest operation is in West Germany.
|
|
|
Utrecht
Municipal Orchestra (Utrechts Stedelijk Orkest, originally written as
"Orchest" with "ch") |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
For several recordings the Radio Philharmonic Orchestra of the Dutch Broadcasting
Union (NRU) was renamed |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
WILLEM
MENGELBERG AND BACH'S ST. MATTHEW PASSION
GOLD FOR BERNARD HAITINK: 50 YEARS WITH THE ROYAL CONCERTGEBOUW
ORCHESTRA
VIOLINIST/VIOLIST PAUL GODWIN
/ WIM DE HAAN -
EEN HERINNERING
MARIE-CLAIRE ALAIN
/ MERCURY LIVING PRESENCE
/ BACK TO AUDIO & MUSIC BULLETIN
THE UNIVERSAL RECORD STABILIZING RING / THE REMINGTON SITE
CARTRIDGE AND TURNTABLE ADJUSTMENT / PROFESSIONAL
RECORD CLEANING
SUBMIT YOUR 10 DESERT ISLAND DISCS / LONG PLAYING RECORD GUIDE
CONTEMPORARY
RECORDS - Lester Koenig
Research and text by Rudolf A. Bruil.
Page
first published on the web on August 11, 2010.
The paragraph about pianist Menahem Pressler was added on November 20, 2011.
|
|